Anxiety is one of the most common human conditions, but when it comes to older adults, it is something that is not talked about enough.
Studies show that the spectrum of anxiety disorders occurring in later life is diverse and includes the same disorders that occur in younger adults, such as generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder and social anxiety disorder.
Other neurodegenerative disorders are associated with phobias, such as fear of falling, which is common in older adults. Therefore, accurate diagnosis and treatment in older adults can prove to be complicated and challenging. A geriatric psychiatrist can ensure that the treatment includes providing psychoeducation, psychotherapeutic approaches (e.g., cognitive-behavioral, behavioral, interpersonal, and mindfulness-based psychotherapies), and pharmacotherapy.
Symptoms of Late-Life Anxiety
Growing older brings many changes and health issues. Many of these changes can lead to anxiety. Studies show that anxiety can present as physical and emotional symptoms. Many people are not aware that physical symptoms can be linked to anxiety. Therefore, it is important to identify symptoms of anxiety as early as possible. See common symptoms of late-life anxiety below:
- Constant worrying: Older adults can often worry, even over simple things, including their health, their children or about occurrences that are unlikely to happen.
- Sleep-related problems: Older people often experience difficulty in falling asleep or staying asleep. Even if they sleep, they may wake up tired. Anxiety can affect brain activity and keep it active even at night.
- Physical symptoms: In older ages, the heart beats faster. Elders may often feel dizzy. Stomach problems or headaches are common symptoms connected to anxiety. These symptoms can confuse people as they mimic other illnesses.
- Restlessness: Older adults may feel nervous for no reason. They may also become angry or irritated easily. This can be a result of underlying stress.
- Avoiding activities: Many older adults with anxiety avoid social gatherings and going out. They may not want to meet new people and they may avoid getting involved in things they once loved, which can lead to more loneliness and sadness.
- Difficulty in concentrating: Older adults often forget things or feel as if their minds are cloudy and confused. Anxiety and stress can make it hard to focus even on simple tasks.
Other symptoms of anxiety that are commonly observed in older age are mentioned below:
1. Emotional symptoms of anxiety include:
- excessive and irrational worrying
- inability to relax
- difficulty concentrating
- feeling tense or jumpy
- irritability or restlessness
- sleep-related problems
2. Physical symptoms may include:
- headaches
- fatigue
- trembling
- racing heart
- sweating
- muscle tension
- light-headedness
- shortness of breath
- gastrointestinal discomfort
Treatment Options for Late-Life Anxiety
Early diagnosis and treatment for late-life anxiety can help prevent the condition from worsening and improve overall quality of life. It also reduces the risk of related issues like depression, sleep problems and physical health decline.
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of talk therapy that can help people identify and change negative thought patterns. It is safe and effective for older adults. It helps them to manage worry and gain control over their mind.
Medication: Healthcare providers may prescribe medications if required. Usually, antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications are prescribed to manage symptoms. But these need to be taken with caution, especially in older adults who may be taking medications for other health conditions.
Mindfulness practice: Deep-breathing exercises and meditation practice can help relax the mind. Meditation practice reduces stress and anxiety. Relaxation techniques and meditation practice are safe and can be done daily. Many older people feel calmer and more relaxed with these practices.
‘Even a daily 20-minute walk can make a big
difference in one’s mental state.’
Support groups: Healthcare providers often recommend joining a support group, as talking to others who feel the same can help in the healing process. Support groups or community gatherings help in reducing loneliness and help elders to feel supported and safe. It reminds them that they are not alone.
Daily physical activity: Exercises like walking or stretching help in releasing endorphins that promote happiness. This can help older people improve their bodies and minds. Even a daily 20-minute walk can make a big difference in one’s mental state.
Family support: Healthcare providers also can educate family members regarding anxiety in older adults, because when family members understand the condition, they are better able to support it.
What Can You Do to Support Older Adults?
If you notice these symptoms in someone you love or work with, do not ignore them. Support and encourage them to consult a mental health provider.
Below are some ways to prevent late-life anxiety:
- Eating a well-balanced diet
- Limiting alcohol and caffeinated drinks
- Getting adequate sleep
- Scheduling time for relaxing activities
- Avoiding events or situations that make one more anxious
- Exercising regularly
Late-life anxiety is not just a part of aging; it is a health issue that can be treated and managed. With the right help and support, the condition can get better. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are important for timely interventions and better outcomes.
Akshita Singh is a dedicated medical content writer and marketing specialist at GABA Telepsychiatry, an online mental healthcare practice in New York City.
Photo credit: Shutterstock/AimPix
